This is the latest in our series of introductory “101” financial guides. Each guide reveals a set of wise actions as well as a set of behaviors to avoid. The goal? Help you make smart choices at every turn in your financial road trip. Your financial success will be exponentially enhanced when you make wise financial decisions repeatedly over a long period. This month’s focus is Budgeting, the center of your financial plan.

Compounding Wisdom:  Budgeting

Compound Wisdom Actions

• Write it down – a budget is a formal, written monthly plan for your money, developed before you spend it.
• Liberate yourself – eliminate the guilt that comes with spending, knowing it was all part of the plan.
• Be patient – it takes three or four months of budgeting experience to feel confident in your plan.
• Toss the straitjacket – plan for fun, so your budget expands and doesn’t constrict your life.
• Keep it balanced – plan for all your needs, enough of your wants, and most of your savings.
• No leftovers – a zero-based budget accounts for every dollar of income, spending, and savings.
• Every dollar has a name – each dollar is either spent or saved and is assigned a category.
• Keep it simple – create a great budget with less than 20-30 categories.
• Keep track – track actual spending so you can adjust your plan for the next month as you improve.
• Minimize marital stress – it’s much easier to discuss money before it’s spent rather than after.
• Set it and forget it – using an automated tool is a painless way to plan and track your money.

Actions to Avoid

•  Failing to plan is planning to fail – Don’t procrastinate; jump in, and start a monthly plan today.
• Too needy – don’t limit your budget to just the necessities – plan for family fun and relaxation too.
• What happened? – the plan has limited value if you don’t track your actual results and evaluate the plan each month or so.
• Cast it in stone – don’t treat your budget as a “read-only” document – update it often as life changes.
• Give up too soon – financial planning gets easier over time, but you must get through those first few months of learning and developing your plan.
• Mind the gap – don’t forget about planning for emergencies, gifts, vacations, large purchases, kid’s activities, and all those non-recurring one-off expenses.

Feel free to pass this along if you know someone who might benefit from the guidance and look for more from me in this monthly series.

I lead our Hillfolio level client service and planning efforts, learn more about me here and reach out if I can help you put the magic of compounding on your side.

I taught personal finance and leadership at the high school level for over twelve years. One of my favorite concepts I loved to communicate was the magic of compounding. Although great financial value is derived by recognizing the wisdom of compounding, I believe there is even greater value in recognizing the compounding of wisdom.

Could your financial success be exponentially enhanced by making wise financial decisions repeatedly over a long period? 

In the months ahead, I’ll share important ideas I’ve seen result in positive financial outcomes, and give you the roadmap. The goal? Help you make wise choices at every turn in your own financial road trip. Think of it as an introductory – or “101” – guide to compounding financial wisdom.

Compounding Wisdom on Investing:

Compound Wisdom Actions

• Pay yourself first – invest every time you get paid, even if the amounts seem small, through automatic transfers to either your 401k/403b or personal accounts. 
• Stretch to invest – target 15%-25% of your income to save or invest each year.
• Diversify – spread your investments across multiple asset classes to manage risk.
• Leave nothing on the table – make sure you receive the full match your company offers.
• Look out for Roth – consider the Roth 401(k) option if available in your employer plan.
• Control for fees – you can’t control returns, but you can control investment fees by investing in low-cost funds.
• Keep emotions in check – you invest for the long term, so resist the urge to trade urgently, or time the market.
• Rebalance – keep your investment allocation in balance across asset classes.
• Harvest your losses – take advantage of down markets to accumulate valuable capital losses.
• Be aggressive – as a young adult, don’t fear an allocation that is dominated by equities.
• Look under the covers – many target date funds are costly and may not be appropriately allocated. 
• DIY is difficult – work with an advisor who always works in your best interest (also known as a Fiduciary). 

Actions to Avoid

• Waiting to get started – your most valuable dollar invested is your first.
• Failing to sign up for employer retirement plan – start the first month you are eligible.
• Failing to earn the entire match – one of the only free lunches around.
• Investing in mutual funds with high fees – don’t be seduced by sexy short-term returns that are unlikely to persist.
• Paying penalties – don’t incur penalties by withdrawing from retirement accounts early.
• Abandoning your plan – don’t get sucked into the latest “can’t miss” stock recommendation you hear online or from a friend.
• Timing the market – invest regularly or whenever you can, as early as you can.
• Loving your company too much – monitor the risk you may incur from owning too much company stock.

Feel free to pass this along if you know someone who might benefit from the guidance and look for more from me in this monthly series.

I lead our Hillfolio level client service and planning efforts, learn more about me here and reach out if I can help you put the magic of compounding on your side.

If you have children, you have likely added the number, “529” to the list of ubiquitous IRS regulation codes that you know. You might even randomly discuss this IRS code with other parents while watching youth soccer games. While most of the articles on 529s focus on how and where to open accounts, little attention is given to optimizing, accessing, and using the funds. We want to remedy this by sharing some key considerations:

Which Educational Expenses Can be Paid From Your 529?

529 funds can only be used for “qualified” educational expenses. If your student is attending K-12 secondary school, account owners are permitted to use up to $10,000 per year for tuition only. However, once your student heads off to college, the list of qualified expenses expand significantly, including tuition/fees, housing, meal plans, and technology. If your student is fortunate enough to earn scholarships, that can help the funds in your 529 go even further.

What Are “Non-Qualified” Costs?

It’s important to note that many college costs are non-qualified, meaning the account owner cannot use 529 funds to satisfy those expenses. The following are some non-qualified expenses include:

• College application and testing fees
• Travel and transportation costs
• Extracurricular costs like fraternity and sorority dues
• Everyday living expenses

How to Withdraw and Use the 529 Funds

Since it is the account owner’s responsibility to prove that 529 withdrawals are used only for qualified expenses, proper record-keeping is critical. For those larger items such as tuition/fees, housing, and meal plans, it is usually possible to direct your 529 plan to remit payment directly to the school’s finance department which ensures a clean record of withdrawal and usage. If the account owner withdraws funds to the beneficiary (your student), maintain pristine records, such as receipts, for purchases so that there is an audit trail.

Importantly, the academic calendar is different than the annual calendar. Funds withdrawn in one calendar year should be used in that calendar year. Be sure to understand each school’s financial deadlines and plan accordingly. In all cases, make sure the fund manager has at least 10 business days to process a withdrawal request.

Finally, some students have 529 accounts that are owned by their grandparents. If the student is applying for or has accepted financial aid, there are strategies to minimize or eliminate the potential negative impact of withdrawals from the grandparent-owned account.

What if You Need More Funds or Run Out?

One of the great features of 529 accounts is you can roll over funds between the accounts of all your children. If you have three children and three funds, you can rest easy that even if you fund them equally, you can address the fact that all three will have different college expenses. Or, if one student ends up not needing any of their funds, you can change the beneficiary to one of their siblings. If you are in the enviable position that there is money left over, then you have a start on graduate school or an initial contribution for their future children.

Conclusion: When the Time Comes, Learn the Withdrawal Rules

Keeping up with all the college bills can be a challenge. If you take the time to learn the withdrawal rules and processes for your 529 plan before your student heads off to school, you can eliminate the headaches that can be part of paying for all the expenses related to sending your kid to college.  You’ll have peace of mind as well as the time to enjoy your student’s new adventure and future successes. As always, you can reach out to our team with any questions.